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cytochalasin d  (MedChemExpress)
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MedChemExpress cytochalasin d
Effects of autophagy and endocytosis inhibition on bilirubin-mediated NOX2 degradation. (A) Neutrophils were treated with <t>cytochalasin</t> <t>D</t> (Cyto D) for 30 min, followed by bilirubin treatment (4 mg/dL) for 30 min. NOX2 and GAPDH expressions were analyzed by Western blotting (Top panel) and quantified using the ImageJ. The NOX2 levels are normalized by the GAPDH levels and presented as bar graphs (the means + SD, N = 3) in the bottom panel. (B) Immunofluorescence staining of NOX2 (red) and nuclei (DAPI, blue) in neutrophils treated with Cyto D and bilirubin under the same conditions as (A). (C) Neutrophils were treated with 3-methyladenine (3-MA, 5 mM) for 4 h, followed by bilirubin treatment (4 mg/dL) for 30 min. NOX2, LC3B, and GAPDH expressions were analyzed by Western blotting (Top panel). Protein expressions on Western blots were quantified using the ImageJ. The NOX2 levels are normalized by the GAPDH levels in the same blots and presented as bar graphs (the means + SD, N = 3) in the bottom panel. (D) Immunofluorescence staining of NOX2 (red) and nuclei (DAPI, blue) in neutrophils treated with 3-MA and bilirubin under the same conditions as (C). (E) Immunofluorescence staining of NOX2 (red), Rab7 (green), and nuclei (DAPI, blue) in neutrophils treated with bilirubin. (F) Colocalization analysis of NOX2 and Rab7 signals performed using ImageJ. Statistical significance was determined using Student's t -test. * denotes statistical significance between the indicated groups, and n.s. indicates no significant difference. p -values are indicated adjacent to the significance asterisks.
Cytochalasin D, supplied by MedChemExpress, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 98/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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form 2 stereolithography 3 d printer  (Formlabs Inc)
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Formlabs Inc form 2 stereolithography 3 d printer
Effects of autophagy and endocytosis inhibition on bilirubin-mediated NOX2 degradation. (A) Neutrophils were treated with <t>cytochalasin</t> <t>D</t> (Cyto D) for 30 min, followed by bilirubin treatment (4 mg/dL) for 30 min. NOX2 and GAPDH expressions were analyzed by Western blotting (Top panel) and quantified using the ImageJ. The NOX2 levels are normalized by the GAPDH levels and presented as bar graphs (the means + SD, N = 3) in the bottom panel. (B) Immunofluorescence staining of NOX2 (red) and nuclei (DAPI, blue) in neutrophils treated with Cyto D and bilirubin under the same conditions as (A). (C) Neutrophils were treated with 3-methyladenine (3-MA, 5 mM) for 4 h, followed by bilirubin treatment (4 mg/dL) for 30 min. NOX2, LC3B, and GAPDH expressions were analyzed by Western blotting (Top panel). Protein expressions on Western blots were quantified using the ImageJ. The NOX2 levels are normalized by the GAPDH levels in the same blots and presented as bar graphs (the means + SD, N = 3) in the bottom panel. (D) Immunofluorescence staining of NOX2 (red) and nuclei (DAPI, blue) in neutrophils treated with 3-MA and bilirubin under the same conditions as (C). (E) Immunofluorescence staining of NOX2 (red), Rab7 (green), and nuclei (DAPI, blue) in neutrophils treated with bilirubin. (F) Colocalization analysis of NOX2 and Rab7 signals performed using ImageJ. Statistical significance was determined using Student's t -test. * denotes statistical significance between the indicated groups, and n.s. indicates no significant difference. p -values are indicated adjacent to the significance asterisks.
Form 2 Stereolithography 3 D Printer, supplied by Formlabs Inc, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 86/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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5 bromo 4 chloro 3 indolyl β d galactopyranoside x gal  (Amresco)
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Amresco 5 bromo 4 chloro 3 indolyl β d galactopyranoside x gal
Effects of autophagy and endocytosis inhibition on bilirubin-mediated NOX2 degradation. (A) Neutrophils were treated with <t>cytochalasin</t> <t>D</t> (Cyto D) for 30 min, followed by bilirubin treatment (4 mg/dL) for 30 min. NOX2 and GAPDH expressions were analyzed by Western blotting (Top panel) and quantified using the ImageJ. The NOX2 levels are normalized by the GAPDH levels and presented as bar graphs (the means + SD, N = 3) in the bottom panel. (B) Immunofluorescence staining of NOX2 (red) and nuclei (DAPI, blue) in neutrophils treated with Cyto D and bilirubin under the same conditions as (A). (C) Neutrophils were treated with 3-methyladenine (3-MA, 5 mM) for 4 h, followed by bilirubin treatment (4 mg/dL) for 30 min. NOX2, LC3B, and GAPDH expressions were analyzed by Western blotting (Top panel). Protein expressions on Western blots were quantified using the ImageJ. The NOX2 levels are normalized by the GAPDH levels in the same blots and presented as bar graphs (the means + SD, N = 3) in the bottom panel. (D) Immunofluorescence staining of NOX2 (red) and nuclei (DAPI, blue) in neutrophils treated with 3-MA and bilirubin under the same conditions as (C). (E) Immunofluorescence staining of NOX2 (red), Rab7 (green), and nuclei (DAPI, blue) in neutrophils treated with bilirubin. (F) Colocalization analysis of NOX2 and Rab7 signals performed using ImageJ. Statistical significance was determined using Student's t -test. * denotes statistical significance between the indicated groups, and n.s. indicates no significant difference. p -values are indicated adjacent to the significance asterisks.
5 Bromo 4 Chloro 3 Indolyl β D Galactopyranoside X Gal, supplied by Amresco, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 86/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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orthophos xg 3 d scanner  (Dentsply Sirona)
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Dentsply Sirona orthophos xg 3 d scanner
Effects of autophagy and endocytosis inhibition on bilirubin-mediated NOX2 degradation. (A) Neutrophils were treated with <t>cytochalasin</t> <t>D</t> (Cyto D) for 30 min, followed by bilirubin treatment (4 mg/dL) for 30 min. NOX2 and GAPDH expressions were analyzed by Western blotting (Top panel) and quantified using the ImageJ. The NOX2 levels are normalized by the GAPDH levels and presented as bar graphs (the means + SD, N = 3) in the bottom panel. (B) Immunofluorescence staining of NOX2 (red) and nuclei (DAPI, blue) in neutrophils treated with Cyto D and bilirubin under the same conditions as (A). (C) Neutrophils were treated with 3-methyladenine (3-MA, 5 mM) for 4 h, followed by bilirubin treatment (4 mg/dL) for 30 min. NOX2, LC3B, and GAPDH expressions were analyzed by Western blotting (Top panel). Protein expressions on Western blots were quantified using the ImageJ. The NOX2 levels are normalized by the GAPDH levels in the same blots and presented as bar graphs (the means + SD, N = 3) in the bottom panel. (D) Immunofluorescence staining of NOX2 (red) and nuclei (DAPI, blue) in neutrophils treated with 3-MA and bilirubin under the same conditions as (C). (E) Immunofluorescence staining of NOX2 (red), Rab7 (green), and nuclei (DAPI, blue) in neutrophils treated with bilirubin. (F) Colocalization analysis of NOX2 and Rab7 signals performed using ImageJ. Statistical significance was determined using Student's t -test. * denotes statistical significance between the indicated groups, and n.s. indicates no significant difference. p -values are indicated adjacent to the significance asterisks.
Orthophos Xg 3 D Scanner, supplied by Dentsply Sirona, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 86/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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methoxy 2 3 4 5 tetrahydro 1h benzo d azepin 1 ol  (Ambeed Inc)
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Ambeed Inc methoxy 2 3 4 5 tetrahydro 1h benzo d azepin 1 ol
Effects of autophagy and endocytosis inhibition on bilirubin-mediated NOX2 degradation. (A) Neutrophils were treated with <t>cytochalasin</t> <t>D</t> (Cyto D) for 30 min, followed by bilirubin treatment (4 mg/dL) for 30 min. NOX2 and GAPDH expressions were analyzed by Western blotting (Top panel) and quantified using the ImageJ. The NOX2 levels are normalized by the GAPDH levels and presented as bar graphs (the means + SD, N = 3) in the bottom panel. (B) Immunofluorescence staining of NOX2 (red) and nuclei (DAPI, blue) in neutrophils treated with Cyto D and bilirubin under the same conditions as (A). (C) Neutrophils were treated with 3-methyladenine (3-MA, 5 mM) for 4 h, followed by bilirubin treatment (4 mg/dL) for 30 min. NOX2, LC3B, and GAPDH expressions were analyzed by Western blotting (Top panel). Protein expressions on Western blots were quantified using the ImageJ. The NOX2 levels are normalized by the GAPDH levels in the same blots and presented as bar graphs (the means + SD, N = 3) in the bottom panel. (D) Immunofluorescence staining of NOX2 (red) and nuclei (DAPI, blue) in neutrophils treated with 3-MA and bilirubin under the same conditions as (C). (E) Immunofluorescence staining of NOX2 (red), Rab7 (green), and nuclei (DAPI, blue) in neutrophils treated with bilirubin. (F) Colocalization analysis of NOX2 and Rab7 signals performed using ImageJ. Statistical significance was determined using Student's t -test. * denotes statistical significance between the indicated groups, and n.s. indicates no significant difference. p -values are indicated adjacent to the significance asterisks.
Methoxy 2 3 4 5 Tetrahydro 1h Benzo D Azepin 1 Ol, supplied by Ambeed Inc, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 86/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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client server based 3 d post processing software  (Siemens Healthineers)
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Siemens Healthineers client server based 3 d post processing software
Effects of autophagy and endocytosis inhibition on bilirubin-mediated NOX2 degradation. (A) Neutrophils were treated with <t>cytochalasin</t> <t>D</t> (Cyto D) for 30 min, followed by bilirubin treatment (4 mg/dL) for 30 min. NOX2 and GAPDH expressions were analyzed by Western blotting (Top panel) and quantified using the ImageJ. The NOX2 levels are normalized by the GAPDH levels and presented as bar graphs (the means + SD, N = 3) in the bottom panel. (B) Immunofluorescence staining of NOX2 (red) and nuclei (DAPI, blue) in neutrophils treated with Cyto D and bilirubin under the same conditions as (A). (C) Neutrophils were treated with 3-methyladenine (3-MA, 5 mM) for 4 h, followed by bilirubin treatment (4 mg/dL) for 30 min. NOX2, LC3B, and GAPDH expressions were analyzed by Western blotting (Top panel). Protein expressions on Western blots were quantified using the ImageJ. The NOX2 levels are normalized by the GAPDH levels in the same blots and presented as bar graphs (the means + SD, N = 3) in the bottom panel. (D) Immunofluorescence staining of NOX2 (red) and nuclei (DAPI, blue) in neutrophils treated with 3-MA and bilirubin under the same conditions as (C). (E) Immunofluorescence staining of NOX2 (red), Rab7 (green), and nuclei (DAPI, blue) in neutrophils treated with bilirubin. (F) Colocalization analysis of NOX2 and Rab7 signals performed using ImageJ. Statistical significance was determined using Student's t -test. * denotes statistical significance between the indicated groups, and n.s. indicates no significant difference. p -values are indicated adjacent to the significance asterisks.
Client Server Based 3 D Post Processing Software, supplied by Siemens Healthineers, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 86/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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5 bromo 4 chloro 3 indolyl β d glucuronic acid  (Duchefa)
86
Duchefa 5 bromo 4 chloro 3 indolyl β d glucuronic acid
Effects of autophagy and endocytosis inhibition on bilirubin-mediated NOX2 degradation. (A) Neutrophils were treated with <t>cytochalasin</t> <t>D</t> (Cyto D) for 30 min, followed by bilirubin treatment (4 mg/dL) for 30 min. NOX2 and GAPDH expressions were analyzed by Western blotting (Top panel) and quantified using the ImageJ. The NOX2 levels are normalized by the GAPDH levels and presented as bar graphs (the means + SD, N = 3) in the bottom panel. (B) Immunofluorescence staining of NOX2 (red) and nuclei (DAPI, blue) in neutrophils treated with Cyto D and bilirubin under the same conditions as (A). (C) Neutrophils were treated with 3-methyladenine (3-MA, 5 mM) for 4 h, followed by bilirubin treatment (4 mg/dL) for 30 min. NOX2, LC3B, and GAPDH expressions were analyzed by Western blotting (Top panel). Protein expressions on Western blots were quantified using the ImageJ. The NOX2 levels are normalized by the GAPDH levels in the same blots and presented as bar graphs (the means + SD, N = 3) in the bottom panel. (D) Immunofluorescence staining of NOX2 (red) and nuclei (DAPI, blue) in neutrophils treated with 3-MA and bilirubin under the same conditions as (C). (E) Immunofluorescence staining of NOX2 (red), Rab7 (green), and nuclei (DAPI, blue) in neutrophils treated with bilirubin. (F) Colocalization analysis of NOX2 and Rab7 signals performed using ImageJ. Statistical significance was determined using Student's t -test. * denotes statistical significance between the indicated groups, and n.s. indicates no significant difference. p -values are indicated adjacent to the significance asterisks.
5 Bromo 4 Chloro 3 Indolyl β D Glucuronic Acid, supplied by Duchefa, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 86/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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standard is guaiacol d 3  (Shanghai Titan Scientific)
86
Shanghai Titan Scientific standard is guaiacol d 3
Effects of autophagy and endocytosis inhibition on bilirubin-mediated NOX2 degradation. (A) Neutrophils were treated with <t>cytochalasin</t> <t>D</t> (Cyto D) for 30 min, followed by bilirubin treatment (4 mg/dL) for 30 min. NOX2 and GAPDH expressions were analyzed by Western blotting (Top panel) and quantified using the ImageJ. The NOX2 levels are normalized by the GAPDH levels and presented as bar graphs (the means + SD, N = 3) in the bottom panel. (B) Immunofluorescence staining of NOX2 (red) and nuclei (DAPI, blue) in neutrophils treated with Cyto D and bilirubin under the same conditions as (A). (C) Neutrophils were treated with 3-methyladenine (3-MA, 5 mM) for 4 h, followed by bilirubin treatment (4 mg/dL) for 30 min. NOX2, LC3B, and GAPDH expressions were analyzed by Western blotting (Top panel). Protein expressions on Western blots were quantified using the ImageJ. The NOX2 levels are normalized by the GAPDH levels in the same blots and presented as bar graphs (the means + SD, N = 3) in the bottom panel. (D) Immunofluorescence staining of NOX2 (red) and nuclei (DAPI, blue) in neutrophils treated with 3-MA and bilirubin under the same conditions as (C). (E) Immunofluorescence staining of NOX2 (red), Rab7 (green), and nuclei (DAPI, blue) in neutrophils treated with bilirubin. (F) Colocalization analysis of NOX2 and Rab7 signals performed using ImageJ. Statistical significance was determined using Student's t -test. * denotes statistical significance between the indicated groups, and n.s. indicates no significant difference. p -values are indicated adjacent to the significance asterisks.
Standard Is Guaiacol D 3, supplied by Shanghai Titan Scientific, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 86/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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unstructured 3 d spectral element method applied  (Nissen)
86
Nissen unstructured 3 d spectral element method applied
Effects of autophagy and endocytosis inhibition on bilirubin-mediated NOX2 degradation. (A) Neutrophils were treated with <t>cytochalasin</t> <t>D</t> (Cyto D) for 30 min, followed by bilirubin treatment (4 mg/dL) for 30 min. NOX2 and GAPDH expressions were analyzed by Western blotting (Top panel) and quantified using the ImageJ. The NOX2 levels are normalized by the GAPDH levels and presented as bar graphs (the means + SD, N = 3) in the bottom panel. (B) Immunofluorescence staining of NOX2 (red) and nuclei (DAPI, blue) in neutrophils treated with Cyto D and bilirubin under the same conditions as (A). (C) Neutrophils were treated with 3-methyladenine (3-MA, 5 mM) for 4 h, followed by bilirubin treatment (4 mg/dL) for 30 min. NOX2, LC3B, and GAPDH expressions were analyzed by Western blotting (Top panel). Protein expressions on Western blots were quantified using the ImageJ. The NOX2 levels are normalized by the GAPDH levels in the same blots and presented as bar graphs (the means + SD, N = 3) in the bottom panel. (D) Immunofluorescence staining of NOX2 (red) and nuclei (DAPI, blue) in neutrophils treated with 3-MA and bilirubin under the same conditions as (C). (E) Immunofluorescence staining of NOX2 (red), Rab7 (green), and nuclei (DAPI, blue) in neutrophils treated with bilirubin. (F) Colocalization analysis of NOX2 and Rab7 signals performed using ImageJ. Statistical significance was determined using Student's t -test. * denotes statistical significance between the indicated groups, and n.s. indicates no significant difference. p -values are indicated adjacent to the significance asterisks.
Unstructured 3 D Spectral Element Method Applied, supplied by Nissen, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 86/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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Effects of autophagy and endocytosis inhibition on bilirubin-mediated NOX2 degradation. (A) Neutrophils were treated with cytochalasin D (Cyto D) for 30 min, followed by bilirubin treatment (4 mg/dL) for 30 min. NOX2 and GAPDH expressions were analyzed by Western blotting (Top panel) and quantified using the ImageJ. The NOX2 levels are normalized by the GAPDH levels and presented as bar graphs (the means + SD, N = 3) in the bottom panel. (B) Immunofluorescence staining of NOX2 (red) and nuclei (DAPI, blue) in neutrophils treated with Cyto D and bilirubin under the same conditions as (A). (C) Neutrophils were treated with 3-methyladenine (3-MA, 5 mM) for 4 h, followed by bilirubin treatment (4 mg/dL) for 30 min. NOX2, LC3B, and GAPDH expressions were analyzed by Western blotting (Top panel). Protein expressions on Western blots were quantified using the ImageJ. The NOX2 levels are normalized by the GAPDH levels in the same blots and presented as bar graphs (the means + SD, N = 3) in the bottom panel. (D) Immunofluorescence staining of NOX2 (red) and nuclei (DAPI, blue) in neutrophils treated with 3-MA and bilirubin under the same conditions as (C). (E) Immunofluorescence staining of NOX2 (red), Rab7 (green), and nuclei (DAPI, blue) in neutrophils treated with bilirubin. (F) Colocalization analysis of NOX2 and Rab7 signals performed using ImageJ. Statistical significance was determined using Student's t -test. * denotes statistical significance between the indicated groups, and n.s. indicates no significant difference. p -values are indicated adjacent to the significance asterisks.

Journal: Redox Report : Communications in Free Radical Research

Article Title: Bilirubin reduces mortality in sepsis models by inhibiting NOX2-mediated formation of neutrophil extracellular traps

doi: 10.1080/13510002.2026.2664962

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of autophagy and endocytosis inhibition on bilirubin-mediated NOX2 degradation. (A) Neutrophils were treated with cytochalasin D (Cyto D) for 30 min, followed by bilirubin treatment (4 mg/dL) for 30 min. NOX2 and GAPDH expressions were analyzed by Western blotting (Top panel) and quantified using the ImageJ. The NOX2 levels are normalized by the GAPDH levels and presented as bar graphs (the means + SD, N = 3) in the bottom panel. (B) Immunofluorescence staining of NOX2 (red) and nuclei (DAPI, blue) in neutrophils treated with Cyto D and bilirubin under the same conditions as (A). (C) Neutrophils were treated with 3-methyladenine (3-MA, 5 mM) for 4 h, followed by bilirubin treatment (4 mg/dL) for 30 min. NOX2, LC3B, and GAPDH expressions were analyzed by Western blotting (Top panel). Protein expressions on Western blots were quantified using the ImageJ. The NOX2 levels are normalized by the GAPDH levels in the same blots and presented as bar graphs (the means + SD, N = 3) in the bottom panel. (D) Immunofluorescence staining of NOX2 (red) and nuclei (DAPI, blue) in neutrophils treated with 3-MA and bilirubin under the same conditions as (C). (E) Immunofluorescence staining of NOX2 (red), Rab7 (green), and nuclei (DAPI, blue) in neutrophils treated with bilirubin. (F) Colocalization analysis of NOX2 and Rab7 signals performed using ImageJ. Statistical significance was determined using Student's t -test. * denotes statistical significance between the indicated groups, and n.s. indicates no significant difference. p -values are indicated adjacent to the significance asterisks.

Article Snippet: Bilirubin (B4126), biliverdin (30891), phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA, P8139), lipopolysaccharides from Escherichia coli (LPS, L2630), H 2 O 2 (216763), N-Acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC, A750), diphenyleneiodonium chloride (DPI, D2926), GW6471 (G5045), cycloheximide (01810), MG132 (10012628), bafilomycin A1 (B1793), 3-methyladenine (189490), cytochalasin D (C2618), cytochrome C (C2037) and superoxide dismutase (S5395) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO); Fenofibrate (HY-17356) from MedChemExpress (Monmouth Junction, NJ); Recrystallized bilirubin (#0219947483) from MP biomedicals (Irvine, CA); NADPH (481973) from Calbiochem (Burlington, MA).

Techniques: Inhibition, Western Blot, Immunofluorescence, Staining